

















Plugable USB-C 7-in-1 Hub with Ethernet
$39.95 USD
SKU: USBC-7IN1EAmazon Rating : (386 Reviews)
Features
- 7-in-1 Expansion—Transform a single USB C or Thunderbolt port into a 7-in-1 USB-C hub with 2x USB 3.0 ports, 1x 4K HDMI, 1x Gigabit Ethernet port, 1x SD card reader, 1x microSD card slot, and 1x USB-C Power Delivery charging port
- 4K HDMI Display—The 4K USB-C to HDMI adapter can push your creativity to the next screen with resolutions up to 4K 60Hz. The sturdy and compact metal construction means the USB Type C hub packs perfectly into a pack
- High-Speed Data and Charging—USB 3.0 ports for fast 5Gbps data transfer, SD and Micro SD card slots for versatility, and 100W USB-C pass-through charging means charging at max speed (not all laptops support USB-C PD)
- Reliable Performance—Use all the ports at once or one at a time, this Type-C Thunderbolt 3 hub has simultaneous port functionality and intelligent power handling. So no overdrawing power, screen flicker, or port problems common in other USB hubs
- 2 Year Warranty—We love our Plugable products, and hope you will too. All of our products are backed with a 2-year limited parts and labor warranty as well as Seattle-based email support

The Reliable Hub That Lets You Do More With Less
Through a single connection, make space for your preferred peripherals. The Plugable 7-in-1 USB-C Hub (USBC-7IN1E) lets you connect an extra 4K HDMI monitor, two USB devices like a mouse and keyboard, wired Gigabit Ethernet, SD or microSD cards, and 87W charging.
This compact and ruggedly constructed USB-C hub is engineered to fix the issues most commonly associated with USB hubs. With the latest, updated chipsets, you can expect a more reliable DisplayPort over USB-C signal, which means no more flickering screens. It also means intelligent power handling, which prevents overdrawing power. But most importantly, this hub supports consistency in port functionality so you can use all of the ports at the same time.

Charge Up
Don’t waste a USB-C port on a charger. The USBC-7IN1E has pass-through charging so you can use all of your peripherals and charge your laptop at the same time, all through one USB-C port.
Supports USB-C Power Delivery (PD) input up to 100W and can charge supported systems up to 92W.
Note: USB-C power adapter not included.

High Definition Display
You’ve got too much to do to be cooped up in a little laptop screen. Stretch out with an HDMI-equipped monitor, T.V., or projector and achieve resolutions up to 3840x2160 @ 60Hz (4K 60Hz).

Let’s Connect
Two USB 3.0 (5Gbps data transfer speeds) ports let you connect anything from keyboards to storage devices.
SD and microSD card slots so you can quickly transfer the images and videos on your camera without actually connecting your camera.
Gigabit Ethernet port so you can connect to the world even if you can’t connect to the WiFi.

In The Box
Item and Quantity | Item Notes |
---|---|
1x Plugable USB-C 7-in-1 hub | |
1x Quick Start Guide |
Video
Port | Placement | Specification | Max Resolution and Refresh Rate | HDCP | Chipset |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1x HDMI 4K (Output) |
Left | HDMI 2.0 | 3840x2160 @ 30Hz 3840x2160 @ 60Hz3840x1600 @ 30Hz 3440x1440 @ 30Hz 2560x1440 @ 60Hz 1920x1200 @ 60Hz 1920x1080 @ 60Hz 1600x900 @ 60Hz 1280x1024 @ 60Hz 1280x800 @ 60Hz 1280x720 @ 60Hz 1152x864 @ 60Hz 1024x768 @ 60Hz 800x600 @ 60Hz 640x480 @ 60Hz |
Display Dependent |
Power
Port | Placement | Power Host / Device | Connection Type | Notes | Voltage | Amperage | Wattage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
USB-C Power Passthrough | Left | Device | USB-C Power Delivery | Up to 20.0V | 5.0A | Up to 100.0W | |
USB-C to Host | Front | Host | USB-C Power Delivery | When Self Powered (USB-C Power Adapter is Connected) | Up to 20.0V | 4.6A | Up to 92.0W |
USB To Devices
Port | Placement | Version and Link Rate | Features | Voltage | Amperage | Wattage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1x USB-A | Left | USB 3.0 (5Gbps) | 5V | 900mA | 4.5W | |
1x USB-A | Left | USB 3.0 (5Gbps) | Battery Charging 1.2 | 5V | 1500mA | 7.5W |
Connection To Host
Port | Placement | Version and Link Rate | Features |
---|---|---|---|
1x USB-C | Front | USB 3.0 (5Gbps) | Alternate Mode Video |
Wired Network
Port | Placement | Version and Link Rate | Features | Chipset |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gigabit Ethernet | Rear | 1000BASE-T | AX88179A ASIX |
Storage
Storage Port Location | Host Connection | Host Connecton Port Specification | Attached Cable (Port Type if No) | Slot and Media Type | Capacity (If Media Included) or Max Supported Capacity | Chipset |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Slot 1 | USB-C | USB 3.0 (5Gbps) | Yes | MicroSD (Trans-Flash) or
MicroSDHC or
MicroSDXC Micro SD |
GL3224 Genesys Logic |
|
Slot 2 | USB-C | USB 3.0 (5Gbps) | Yes | SD or
SDHC or
SDXC or
MMC or
RSMMC or
Mobile-MMC or
MMCPlus or
MMC-micro SD or
SDHC or
SDXC or
MMC |
GL3224 Genesys Logic |
Compatibility
Compatible Systems | Plug and Play installation on any Chromebook/Windows/Mac/Linux hosts which support DisplayPort Alternate Mode (Alt Mode) video output functionality. Adapter has been fully tested for functionality on the 2018+ iPad Pro (mirroring only)/MacBook Air/iMac and iMac Pro/MacBook and MacBook Pro/Google Pixelbook/Dell XPS 13 & XPS 15/Lenovo Thinkpad/HP Spectre x360/Samsung DeX capable devices/Surface Laptop 3 and Surface Go/and many other systems which support USB-C DP Alt Mode. |
Incompatible Systems | Most current phones and tablets with USB-C ports do not support Alt Mode video output. ASMedia USB 3.1 controllers do not support Alt Mode video output.Most motherboards with dual USB-C/Thunderbolt 3 ports are limited to a single Alt Mode output; only one Alt Mode adapter supported per system. |
4K 60Hz versus 4K 30Hz | 4K 60Hz is only supported on laptops which support DisplayPort 1.4 (DP 1.4). Examples include the Microsoft Surface Pro 7, Surface Laptop 3, and the Surface Book 3.4K 30Hz will be the maximum resolution and refresh rates for computers which do not support DP 1.4. For example, USB-C laptops which support DP 1.2 will be limited to 4K 30Hz. All lower resolutions will be supported at 60Hz.Please contact your laptop manufacturer to confirm whether or not your computer supports DP 1.4 if 4K 60Hz is desired. |
Get Started
- Connect the hub to a USB-C port that supports video and charging on your laptop, tablet, or phone.
- Connect your USB peripherals, monitor, USB-C power adapter and SD/microSD card to the hub.
Note: Charging and HDMI output requires host device support for USB-C Power Delivery Charing and DisplayPort over USB-C Alternate Mode ("Alt Mode") standards.
Questions? We're here to help! Please reach out to us at support@plugable.com
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USB Port Types
USB-A
pietz, CC BY-SA 3.0 , via Wikimedia Commons
This is the standard USB connection that most computers offered prior to the introduction of USB Type-C (USB-C). Even after the introduction of USB Type-C, this is still quite common.
It can provide data transfer rates up to the USB 3.1 Gen 2 (10 gbps) specification depending on the host and device, but does not directly support video in the way that USB-C Alternate Mode does. This limitation makes DisplayLink USB graphics adapters and docking stations ideal on systems that do not have USB-C, or in instances where more displays are needed beyond available video outputs of a PC.
USB-B
Fred the Oyster, CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons
IngenieroLoco, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
This type of connection comes in a couple different styles depending on whether USB 3.0 and higher transfer rates are supported (bottom graphic). Usually this type of connection is used to plug into USB devices that do not have a fixed cable connected, such as USB docking stations, USB hubs, printers, and others.
USB Mini-B
Fred the Oyster, CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons
One of the first connectors for charging a smartphone, wireless game controller (such as the Sixaxis and DualShock 3), and other small devices such as external hard drives. Not commonly used today, but is still used in some cases. Most devices using USB Mini B are using USB 2.0, though a USB 3.0 variant does exist. This specification also added USB On-The-Go (OTG) functionality, though it is more commonly implemented with Micro USB.
USB Micro-B
Fred the Oyster, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
IngenieroLoco, CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons
A smaller connector that serves many of the same uses as the Mini B connector, with added optional features such as Mobile High-Definition Link (MHL) to allow devices like smartphones to output video to larger displays without requiring a dedicated port for video output.
The larger variant of USB-B is most commonly used for external hard drives for higher 5Gbps transfer rates.
USB-C, Thunderbolt™ 3, and Thunderbolt™ 4
Niridya , CC0, via Wikimedia Commons
The most recent USB connection, USB Type-C (USB-C), represents a major change in what USB can do. The connector is smaller, can be connected in two orientations, is able to carry substantially more power and data, and can directly carry video signals of multiple types (HDMI, DisplayPort, etc.) Intel has also adapted the USB-C connector for use with Thunderbolt 3 and Thunderbolt 4.
It is important to note that while all Thunderbolt 3 and Thunderbolt 4 connections are USB-C, not all USB-C connections can be used with Thunderbolt 3 or Thunderbolt 4 devices.
More details regarding physical USB connections can be found on Wikipedia . The graphics depicted here are adapted from Wikimedia Commons by various artists under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.
Can I Connect a DisplayPort (DP) Monitor to the HDMI Port on This Device Using an Adapter or Cable?
No, this is not possible. Please note that DisplayPort to HDMI cables (as with most cables involving protocol/signal conversion) are not bidirectional adapters, which means they only work in one direction -- from a DisplayPort output to a HDMI input.
Connecting these type of cables backwards will not allow an HDMI output port (such as those on a dock) to function with a DisplayPort input on a monitor.
Understanding and Troubleshooting Network Performance
Computer networking is a complex topic. In this article, we'll be taking a deep dive on the nuances of network performance for those who need some additional explanation while striving to be concise, and to educate users of various experience levels relating computer hardware and computer networking.
If you just need to know how to perform a network performance test/benchmark, jump down to configuring iPerf.
Core Network Concepts
LAN vs WAN
With regards to network performance, it is crucial to first separate whether an issue is with Wide Area Network (WAN) performance, or if the issue is with Local Area Network (LAN) performance.
Your LAN is essentially the network inside your home or business. Many homes use a combination modem/router device provided by their Internet Service Provider (ISP). In some cases, especially in businesses, you may have a separate modem and router, along with other equipment connecting to the router such as a network switch.
Your modem, and the connection it establishes to your ISP—whether through coaxial cable, fiber, phone lines, or long-range wireless—essentially marks the point between the WAN and the LAN. The connection your modem makes to your ISP is the WAN, and any devices you connect through your router behind that modem belong to the LAN.
Link Rate
Almost every type of connection your computer makes to any piece of hardware will have a link rate of some kind. The link rate establishes how fast data can possibly be transferred across any given connection, but it does not guarantee how fast the hardware on either end of the connection will actually transfer data.
The concept of link rates, and their related bottlenecks, is likely best conveyed by giving an example of what connections might be involved in transferring a file from one computer on your LAN to another.
- 800Mbps—The file source is a USB 3.0 thumb drive capable of 100MB/s (800Mbps) read/write.
- 480Mbps—The USB 3.0 thumb drive is plugged into a USB 2.0 port on the PC, which has a maximum throughput of 480Mbps
- 1000Mbps—PC1's Ethernet connection establishes 1Gbps (1000Mbps) link to the router via Ethernet
- 300Mbps—The router connects to a second PC (we'll refer to this as PC2) via Wi-Fi, and it has established a 300Mbps link to the Wi-Fi adapter on PC2
- 480Mbps—The Wi-Fi adapter on PC2 is connected via a USB 2.0 port. The link rate of the USB connection to PC2 is at 480Mbps
- 6000Mbps—PC2 is going to store the file on an internal hard drive with a link rate of 6Gbps
- 1600Mbps—File Destination: SATA hard drive capable of 200MB/s (1600Mbps) read/write.
Following this chain, we see that 300Mbps is the slowest link rate established. This means that, regardless of the link rates established elsewhere, the absolute maximum the data can possibly be transferred is 300Mbps.
if we were to change the Wi-Fi connection to a wired Ethernet connection capable of 1Gbps, our performance bottleneck would then become the USB 2.0 connection to the USB drive where the file is stored.
Ports and Interfaces
Interfaces
A network interface represents connections, whether wired or wireless, that are made to form a network between devices.
Ports
Some may refer to physical hardware connections as "ports". For the purposes of networking, ports are logical constructs that can also be referred to as "network ports". Each network interface has 65,535 of these logical ports. Each port on a network interface is a separate data connection.
Benchmarking Network Adapter Performance
To properly benchmark network adapter performance, we need to:
- Use a simple LAN configuration
- Eliminate bottlenecks, especially link rate bottlenecks
Websites like speedtest.net, fast.com, and other performance tools in your web browser are going to use your WAN connection, and are not appropriate for determining if a network adapter is working well.
Transferring files from one computer to another on your LAN is typically not the best way to benchmark a network adapter. File transfers are bottlenecked by a number of things, including performance limitations of the disk the data is on, and often times a lack of establishing parallel network connections to perform the task.
One of the most accurate ways to benchmark network performance on a LAN is by using iPerf . To more effectively benchmark network adapter performance, it is best to establish a point-to-point connection between two PCs, rather than connecting through a router or switch.
Configuring iPerf
To test a connection using iPerf, you'll need at least two network interfaces, and preferably two computers. You'll also need to know the IP (Internet Protocol) address assigned to each network interface . One network interface will function as an iPerf server, and the other network interface will function as an iPerf client. Lastly, you'll need to download the version of iPerf 3.x that's appropriate for your computer's operating system and extract/install it .
Windows
- Make sure the drivers for both network interfaces involved in the test are using up-to-date drivers. Drivers for Plugable products can be found here.
- Download and extract iPerf for Windows
- Open Command Prompt
- Press Windows Key + R or + R, then enter
cmd
in the window that appears - Search the Start Menu for
Command Prompt
, and open it
- Press Windows Key + R or + R, then enter
- Navigate Command Prompt to the directory the directory where iPerf is located
- The
cd
command is for 'change directory'- If you have a folder named 'iperf' on your Windows desktop, you can reach it in command prompt with the command
cd %USERPROFILE%\Desktop\iperf
- If you have a folder named 'iperf' on your Windows desktop, you can reach it in command prompt with the command
- The
- Run iperf in server mode via Command Prompt
iperf3.exe -s
macOS
- Usually it is best to install iperf on macOS using brew in Terminal
- Make sure the drivers for both network interfaces involved in the test are using up-to-date drivers
- Open Terminal
- Run iPerf in server mode
iperf3 -s
Linux
- Usually it is best to install iperf using the package manager in your Linux distro. For example, in Ubuntu, use
apt
: sudo apt install iperf3
- Make sure the drivers for both network interfaces involved in the test are using up-to-date Drivers
- Open Terminal
- Run iPerf in server mode
iperf3 -s
Next, you'll need to run iPerf in client mode, targeting the IP address of the server/interface where iPerf is running in server mode. Additionally, we'll run the test for 30 seconds using -t 30
and with four parallel connections using -P 4
. Running 4 parallel connections is optimal for saturating a network link.
Windows
- Open Command Prompt
- Press Windows Key + R or + R, then enter
cmd
in the window that appears - Search the Start Menu for
Command Prompt
, and open it
- Press Windows Key + R or + R, then enter
- Navigate Command Prompt to the directory the directory where iPerf is located
- The
cd
command is for 'change directory'- If you have a folder named 'iperf' on your Windows desktop, you can reach it in command prompt with the command
cd %USERPROFILE%\Desktop\iperf
- If you have a folder named 'iperf' on your Windows desktop, you can reach it in command prompt with the command
- The
- Run iperf in client mode via Command Prompt (replace 192.168.0.200 with the IP address of the server/interface where iPerf is running in server mode)
iperf3.exe -c 192.168.0.200 -t 30 -P 4
macOS / Linux
- Open Terminal
- Run iPerf in client mode (replace 192.168.0.200 with the IP address of the server/interface where iPerf is running in server mode)
iperf3 -c 192.168.0.200 -t 30 -P 4
iPerf should start performing a network performance test. If the test fails to start, make sure that iPerf is not being blocked by your PC's/Mac's firewall.
Why iPerf is Ideal for Benchmarking
Unlike a file transfer, iPerf runs in memory on the PC and generates data to send using the CPU directly. This alleviates potential bottlenecks generated by storage devices, and allows you to explicitly control how many parallel connections are being used to transfer data rather than being unsure if parallel network connections are being used by other means.
Conclusion
There's a lot more to networking that isn't covered in this article, but we hope this helps explain enough to get an accurate measure of your network performance.
If you need assistance with your Plugable product that features network connectivity, please contact us for further assistance.
The USB-C Port on My USB-C Hub Does Not Pass Data. Why Is This?
The USB-C power passthrough port cannot transfer data or support a video connection. The USB-C port only offers USB-C Power Delivery passthrough using a USB-C power adapter/source.
My USB-C Hub Is Getting Warm/Hot, Is This Normal?
As is the case with most electronic devices, it is expected to observe that the aluminum shell of the USB-C hub gets warmer, particularly if the USB-C passthrough charging and/or all ports on the hub are utilized.
Internal testing has measured and validated operating temperatures of up to 125°F with our USB-C hubs, which is well below the maximum rated temperature of various integrated chipsets (IC) in our USB-C hub of 212°F.
In summary, please note that heat is not an indication of an issue or defect with the USB-C hub.
Self-Powered vs Bus-Powered USB Devices
While all USB ports provide some amount of power for attached devices, the available power may not be enough for certain high-current devices such as USB hubs or external hard drives. High-current devices usually come with their own power adapter, making them self-powered, in contrast to a bus-powered device that draws all of its power from the host computer's USB interface. Bus-powered devices can cause issues if they need more power than is available from the host machine.
Many of our devices that include power adapters, especially USB hubs, will function in either self-powered or bus-powered mode. However, even though the device may function, each additional device attached to the host computer reduces the total available bus power. If the power runs out, any USB device attached to the computer may suddenly disconnect. If this were to happen to a USB storage device, such an event could result in permanent data loss.
If a device comes with a power adapter, we recommend that the adapter stay connected at all times, otherwise the device may not function as designed.
Self-powered USB device - A device that takes all of its power from an external power supply
Bus-powered USB device - A device that takes all of its power from the host computer's USB interface.
Does the USBC-7IN1E Support HDMI Displays at 4K 60Hz?
Yes, but only if your computer is equipped with a USB-C port that supports DisplayPort 1.4 (DP 1.4). If you're not sure if your laptop supports DP 1.4, please contact your laptop manufacturer to confirm this important detail.
Examples of known laptops which support DP 1.4:
- MacBook Pro 15” 2018 / 2019
- MacBook Pro 16” 2019
- Surface Pro 7
- Surface Laptop 3
- Surface Book 3
If DP 1.4 is not supported, then the maximum resolution and refresh rate of the HDMI port on the USBC-7IN1E adapter is 4K 30Hz.
Please note that the adapter will not drop the USB 3.0 ports to operate at USB 2.0 speeds to support 4K 60Hz. DP 1.4 must be supported for 4K 60Hz.
When attempting to charge my laptop via the USBC-7N1E adapter, my laptop does not charge or reports that it is charging at a slower than expected rate. Why is this?
'Slow Charging scenario':
When the USBC-7N1E adapter is 'passing through' power from an external USB-C power adapter to the host laptop, a small amount of power from the USB-C power adapter is used in order to power the USBC-7N1E adapter itself.
The net result is that the amount of power provided to the host will be slightly less than the full power provided by the USB-C power adapter. Depending on power thresholds set by the laptop manufacturer, this may result in a warning that the system is charging at a slower than expected rate.
'No Charging scenario':
If the USBC-7N1E adapter is connected to the host laptop without a USB-C power adapter attached, the USBC-7N1E adapter will draw power from the laptop in order to power itself. If an external USB-C power adapter is then connected to the USBC-7N1E, the laptop may not start to charge.
This is because not all laptop models will reliably 'switch' the flow of power. Should this occur, simply disconnect the USBC-7N1E adapter from the host laptop. Once disconnected, connect the external USB-C power adapter to the USBC-7N1E adapter and then connect the combined assembly to the laptop. The laptop should now be charging.
Do Plugable products support the Apple SuperDrive?
Unfortunately Plugable products do not support the Apple SuperDrive.
The Apple SuperDrive has stringent power requirements that can only be met by directly connecting the SuperDrive to your host laptop. As a result at this time Apple recommends only using their USB-C adapter cables. You can find more information on that here -→ How to connect the Apple USB SuperDrive
If you have purchased a Plugable product to use with your Apple SuperDrive, and would like some additional assistance please do not hesitate to reach out. You can do so by emailing support@plugable.com, or going to Plugable.com/Support.
Plugable products with ASIX AX88179A based Ethernet may not perform as expected when running browser based speed tests in macOS 11.6 Big Sur.
Plugable products that have an ASIX AX88179A based Ethernet adapter may not perform as expected when using browser based speed tests, such as SpeedTest.net.
Problem:
If you are running a browser based speed test such as SpeedTest.net using a Plugable ASIX AX88179A based Ethernet product such as our USBC-7IN1E Hub on macOS 11.6 Big Sur. Example pictured below.
Resolution:
At this time the best solution would be to upgrade to macOS 12 if possible, as this problem is fully resolved in macOS 12 Monterey. Example pictured below.
You can manually start the update process to macOS 12 Monterey by following this link. --> https://apps.apple.com/us/app/macos-monterey/id1576738294
Notes:
The ASIX AX88179A is a driverless solution with macOS, and there are no drivers or firmware solutions for this problem at this time.
My Plugable product with wired Ethernet is no longer working on macOS. What can I do?
Please Note
The below guide is an advanced troubleshooting step, and we do not recommend doing so unless you are comfortable manually altering files on your Apple product running macOS. You may not be able to perform the below troubleshooting step if you are unable to execute administrative credentials on your laptop. Please reach out to our support first if you do not wish to attempt the below instructions. You can do so at Plugable.com/Support
How to delete a specific Ethernet adapter from your Network devices on macOS
- Click on the Apple logo in the top left corner of your primary monitor, and select ‘System Preferences’
- Next select ‘Network’ in the ‘System Preferences' window.
- In the now visible list, please select the Plugable Ethernet, or Thunderbolt Ethernet device that may not be working as expected.
- Once selected click on the minus button in the bottom left of the network window.
- Click on Apply in the bottom right.
- Next click on the plus button in the bottom left of the network window, and add the previously removed device.
- Click on Apply in the bottom right.
- Test to see if this has resolved the unexpected behavior, and assure that your Ethernet is now working.
- If this does not resolve the problem, please proceed to the next section (As noted previously the next section is for advanced users only!)
Manually erase your macOS Network Settings to fully reset the Network configuration
(Advanced! Click to reveal)
Warning!
This will fully erase all of your Network configuration! Do not skip any steps, and proceed only if you are comfortable with each step!
- Open the ‘Finder’ app, then in the ‘Go’ menu at the top of your screen select ‘Computer’
- Click on ‘Macintosh HD’ then Library, Preferences, SystemConfiguration
- Copy the file named ‘NetworkInterfaces.plist’ to your desktop as a backup of your current configuration.
- Delete the original version of the ‘NetworkInterfaces.plist’ located in the SystemConfiguration directory.
- Restart your Mac
- Login to your Mac, and return to System Preferences → Network
- If the list is now empty, please re-add the Plugable or Thunderbolt network adapter by clicking on the plus button in the bottom left of the Network window. Once done click on 'Apply'.
- Test to see if this has resolved the unexpected network behavior
I am still unable to get my Ethernet connection working on my Mac
If this is the case please reach out to our support team. When you do please include a diagnostic log gathered using our PlugDebug tool (instructions are provided on the PlugDebug page). If you are not able to gather the PlugDebug diagnostics do not worry we are still here to help! Please reach out to our support team at support@plugable.com or Plugable.com/Support with a detailed description of your problem, and the model of Plugable product you are using.
Can I leave my notebook computer connected to a charging dock overnight, or should I discharge and recharge the notebook battery regularly?
We are often asked if it is okay to leave a notebook computer connected to one of our USB-C docking stations with Power Delivery for extended periods of time. The short answer is yes, it is no different from leaving the laptop connected to the manufacturer's original USB-C power supply for the same time. The long answer is yes for modern laptops, and maybe for older (1990s-early 2000s laptops) and involves going into the different battery technologies used in consumer electronics devices.
Another common question is if it is possible to use the docking station but to disable powering and charging the computer. When a modern notebook computer runs on battery power it will often set the system to a reduced power state which may impact performance, or connected devices and we recommend always powering the computer when using a desktop docking station. For all of our docking stations that provide power to the host computer this will not affect the lifespan of the computer's battery.
Modern Laptop Batteries: Lithium-Ion
Lithium-ion (li-ion) batteries are found in a wide range of consumer electronics from notebook computers and cell phones, to electric cars, power tools, and wearable electronics like wireless earbuds. Li-ion offers fast charging, high-current discharging, fairly long service live compared to other rechargeable battery technologies and are relatively inexpensive.
The life-span of a rechargeable battery depends on many factors including age, temperature history, charging patterns, the chemical composition of the specific battery, and usage. For example batteries stored at 100% charge will degrade faster than batteries stored at 50% charge, this is why most consumer electronics devices arrive from the manufacturer with between 25% to 75% charge.
Lithium-ion batteries are consumable components, however in most modern computers, cell phones, and tablets these are not user serviceable components. To help maintain the battery all modern computers and most consumer electronics will include battery charge and protection circuits. These can be fairly simple, charging up the battery at preset rates depending on the charge level to help maintain the battery life, or complex software controlled charging that monitors battery temperature, voltage and current draw to maintain the fastest charging while maintaining the battery longevity.
Modern notebook computers can be left connected to the original power cable or a docking station with charging capability for extended periods, and do not benefit from regular discharge/recharge cycles. Our docking stations with charging capability rely on USB Type-C Power Delivery to power and charge compatible computers. USB Type-C Power Delivery is a negotiated charging protocol between the host computer and the docking station or USB Type-C power supply, this allows the computer to draw only the power it requires, and even select the best voltage level for powering the computer. In combination with a computer's built-in battery charging controller the computer is capable of maintaining the battery's optimal state even when left connected to a power source for an extended period of time.
Legacy Laptop Batteries: NiCad and NiMH
Older laptops, from the 1990s and some early 2000s, as well as some consumer electronics, and most rechargeable AA or AAA battery replacements use Nickel-Cadmium (NiCad) or Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries. These batteries are slower to charge and discharge than li-ion batteries, and require very simple charge controllers, and in some cases can even be trickle-charged ( very low-current continuous charging ) if desired.
These batteries generally don't have smart charging controllers and to prolong the life of the battery required "training" or fully discharging and recharging the battery every so often. Many laptop manufacturers recommended fully charging and discharging a new laptop 2-3 times to train the battery, this is not necessary with modern laptops.
Conclusion
Modern notebook batteries are managed by the computer's built-in battery charging circuit, and require little to no user intervention to maintain optimal battery health. It does not harm the battery to leave the computer connected to an external power supply, so long as the computer is being used regularly. If the computer is to be stored for a prolonged period then discharging the battery to between 50-75% can help to maintain the battery life.
Batteries are consumable components and degrade over time, however modern notebook computers can extend the battery life generally to meet or exceed the life of the computer's other electronic components.